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In modern usage, professionals tend to have certain qualities in common. A profession is always held by a person, and it is generally that person's way of generating income. A professional is usually licensed and regulated by a particular quasi-governmental organization, such as a bar association. To get a license, the professional must receive certain education (such as graduating from medical school), and pass further examinations and/or apprenticeships. Professionals are also subject to discipline, including revocation of their license, if they breach the standards set out by the governing organization. People without licenses are usually prohibited by law from engaging in those activities practiced by professionals.
There is no standard definition of a modern professional, however. Beyond the classical examples (lawyers, doctors, etc.) there are many groups that claim status as a profession, and many who would dispute that status. The existence of a traceable historical record of notable members of the profession can serve as an indicator of a profession. Often, these historic professionals have become well known to laypersons outside the field, for example, Clarence Darrow (law), Edward Jenner (medicine), and Florence Nightingale (nursing). In modern times, however, there is no standard definition.